I-1,2-Dichloroethane: Ikhemikhali Yezimboni Ehlukahlukene
Izinkambu Ezinkulu Zokufaka Isicelo
Embonini yamakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-1,2-dichloroethane kuyinto eluhlaza yokukhiqiza i-vinyl chloride. I-vinyl chloride iyi-monomer ebalulekile esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ipulasitiki esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, ekufakeni amapayipi, ekufakweni kwekhebula, nasezintweni zokupakisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane ingaguqulwa ibe yi-acetylene ngokusebenzisa i-dehydrochlorination. I-Acetylene iyindawo ebalulekile yokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo, esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yamakhemikhali efana ne-acetaldehyde, i-acetic acid, kanye nerabha ye-chloroprene.
Emkhakheni we-solvent, i-1,2-dichloroethane iyi-solvent esebenza kahle ephilayo ekwazi ukuncibilikisa uhla olubanzi lwamakhemikhali e-organic kanye nama-polymer. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni nasekususeni amafutha ezindaweni zensimbi, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ze-elekthronikhi nezokucubungula imishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetshenziselwa ukususa upende nokumboza, kanye nokuhlanza imishini yokunyathelisa embonini yokunyathelisa.
Ezimbonini zezibulala-zinambuzane nephunga elimnandi, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetshenziswa njengesithasiselo. Ingasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa izibulala-zinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, njengemithi yokubulala ukhula kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, esetshenziswa kabanzi kwezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amakha kanye nezinongo, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudla kanye nezimonyo.
Ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi, izinto ezisuselwe ku-1,2-dichloroethane, njenge-polyethylene ene-chlorine, zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinto ezingangeni manzi nezimelana nokugqwala. Lezi zinto zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni ukungangenwa kwamanzi kwezakhiwo nemishini yezimboni, okuvimbela ngempumelelo ukungena kwamanzi nokugqwala.
Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi kwezimboni, i-1,2-dichloroethane inobuthi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni yokuphepha. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ngokuvamile kusebenzisa izinhlelo ezivaliwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka kwayo futhi kufakwe izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokuphefumula kanye nokwelapha ukukhishwa komoya ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yabasebenzi kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo. Njengoba ulwazi lwezemvelo lukhula, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-1,2-dichloroethane nayo iyathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wayo emvelweni.
Emkhakheni we-solvent, i-1,2-dichloroethane iyi-solvent esebenza kahle ephilayo ekwazi ukuncibilikisa uhla olubanzi lwamakhemikhali e-organic kanye nama-polymer. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni nasekususeni amafutha ezindaweni zensimbi, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ze-elekthronikhi nezokucubungula imishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetshenziselwa ukususa upende nokumboza, kanye nokuhlanza imishini yokunyathelisa embonini yokunyathelisa.
Ezimbonini zezibulala-zinambuzane nephunga elimnandi, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetshenziswa njengesithasiselo. Ingasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa izibulala-zinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, njengemithi yokubulala ukhula kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, esetshenziswa kabanzi kwezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amakha kanye nezinongo, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudla kanye nezimonyo.
Ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi, izinto ezisuselwe ku-1,2-dichloroethane, njenge-polyethylene ene-chlorine, zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinto ezingangeni manzi nezimelana nokugqwala. Lezi zinto zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni ukungangenwa kwamanzi kwezakhiwo nemishini yezimboni, okuvimbela ngempumelelo ukungena kwamanzi nokugqwala.
Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi kwezimboni, i-1,2-dichloroethane inobuthi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni yokuphepha. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ngokuvamile kusebenzisa izinhlelo ezivaliwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka kwayo futhi kufakwe izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokuphefumula kanye nokwelapha ukukhishwa komoya ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yabasebenzi kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo. Njengoba ulwazi lwezemvelo lukhula, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-1,2-dichloroethane nayo iyathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wayo emvelweni.
Imininingwane
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-Dichloroethane | |||||||||
| I-MF | C₂H₄Cl₂ | |||||||||
| Ukubukeka | Uketshezi olungabonakali olungenambala | |||||||||
| Ubumsulwa | 99.00% | |||||||||
| Isigaba Sengozi | 6+3 | |||||||||
| CHA. | 1184 | |||||||||
| INOMBOLO YE-CAS | 107-06-2 | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 29031500 | |||||||||
| I-EINECS CHA | 203-458-1 | |||||||||
| Isicelo | Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-vinyl chloride, i-ethylene glycol kanye neminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali | |||||||||
Ishidi Lokulawula Ikhwalithi
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | |||||||
| ITEM | IZINGA | Umphumela Wokuhlolwa | |||||
| Ubumsulwa (Okuqukethwe) | ≥99.0% (izinga lezimboni) | 99.20% | |||||
| Umswakama | ≤0.05% (ingxenye yesisindo) | 0.03% | |||||
| I-asidi (njenge-HCl) | ≤0.005% (ingxenye yesisindo) | 0.00% | |||||
| Izinsalela Ezihwamukile | ≤0.005% (ingxenye yesisindo) | 0.00% | |||||
| Ubuningi (20℃) | 1.250~1.256 g/cm³ | 1.253 g/cm³ | |||||
| Ibanga Lokubilisa | 83.0~84.5℃ | 83.5~84.2℃ | |||||
| Umbala (Inombolo yePlatinum-Cobalt) | ≤10 (ibanga le-reagent) | 5 | |||||
| Izinto Ezingaguquguquki | ≤0.001% (ibanga lokuhlanzeka okuphezulu) | 0.00% | |||||
| I-Chloride (Cl⁻) | ≤0.001% (ibanga le-reagent) | 0.00% | |||||
| Ukugxila Komoya | ≤7 mg/m³ | 2.5 mg/m³ | |||||
| Ukugxila Kokukhishwa Kwamanzi Angcolile | ≤0.05 mg/L | 0.02 mg/L | |||||
Ngokufigqiwe
Ngamafuphi, i-1,2-dichloroethane, njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo, ibambe isikhundla esibalulekile embonini. Ayigcini nje ngokuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene abalulekile kodwa futhi isekela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yesimanje. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, amathuba okusetshenziswa kwe-1,2-dichloroethane azoba maningi nakakhulu.