Izingxube Zokunciphisa Amanzi Ezisebenza Kakhulu: Ukuthuthukisa Ukusebenza Kokhonkolo Kokwakha Okuluhlaza
Izinkambu Ezinkulu Zokufaka Isicelo
Izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu (njengezingxube ezisekelwe ku-polycarboxylate) zimelela uhlobo oluphambili kakhulu lwezinto ezinciphisa amanzi ezitholakala emakethe. Zisebenza ngokwakha ungqimba lokusabalala ebusweni bezinhlayiya zesimende, zivimbele ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya zesimende ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukugeleza nokusebenza kahle kwekhonkrithi. Lo mphumela wokusabalala awunciphisi nje kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kodwa futhi ukhulisa ubuningi namandla ekhonkrithi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingxube zendabuko ezinciphisa amanzi, izinguqulo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zinikeza amazinga aphezulu okunciphisa amanzi (ngokuvamile angu-25%-40%) kanye nezidingo eziphansi zomthamo (ngokuvamile u-0.1%-0.3% wenani eliphelele lezinto ezisebenzisa ukhonkrithi), ngomthelela omncane emvelweni.
Emaphrojekthini okwakha, ukusetshenziswa kwezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi kungathuthukisa kakhulu amandla okucindezela kanye nokumelana namanzi kwekhonkrithi, kwandise impilo yenkonzo yezakhiwo. Isibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo eziphakeme namabhuloho amakhulu, izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle ziqinisekisa ukugeleza kahle kwekhonkrithi ngaphansi kwezidingo zamandla aphezulu, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi zinganciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwekhonkrithi, kuthuthukise ukufana kwayo kanye nokuvumelana kwayo.
Emkhakheni wokwakha okuluhlaza, izici zemvelo zezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwesimende, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingxube zingathuthukisa ukuqina kwekhonkrithi, kunciphise izindleko zokulungisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zezakhiwo. Izingxube eziningi ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nazo zithole izitifiketi zemvelo zomhlaba wonke, ezihambisana nemigomo yentuthuko esimeme yokwakha okuluhlaza.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi nakho kuyakhula. Isibonelo, kukhonkolo esebenza kahle kakhulu (i-HPC) kanye nekhonkolo ezizihlanganisayo (i-SCC), i-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi iyizithasiselo ezibalulekile eziqinisekisa izakhiwo zekhonkolo ezizilinganisayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokuqina okuphezulu kanye nokuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi ingasetshenziswa kanye nezinye i-admixtures (ezifana ne-retarders kanye nama-air-entraining agents) ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zekhonkolo.
Emaphrojekthini okwakha, ukusetshenziswa kwezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi kungathuthukisa kakhulu amandla okucindezela kanye nokumelana namanzi kwekhonkrithi, kwandise impilo yenkonzo yezakhiwo. Isibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo eziphakeme namabhuloho amakhulu, izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle ziqinisekisa ukugeleza kahle kwekhonkrithi ngaphansi kwezidingo zamandla aphezulu, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi zinganciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwekhonkrithi, kuthuthukise ukufana kwayo kanye nokuvumelana kwayo.
Emkhakheni wokwakha okuluhlaza, izici zemvelo zezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwesimende, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingxube zingathuthukisa ukuqina kwekhonkrithi, kunciphise izindleko zokulungisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zezakhiwo. Izingxube eziningi ezinciphisa amanzi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nazo zithole izitifiketi zemvelo zomhlaba wonke, ezihambisana nemigomo yentuthuko esimeme yokwakha okuluhlaza.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi nakho kuyakhula. Isibonelo, kukhonkolo esebenza kahle kakhulu (i-HPC) kanye nekhonkolo ezizihlanganisayo (i-SCC), i-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi iyizithasiselo ezibalulekile eziqinisekisa izakhiwo zekhonkolo ezizilinganisayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokuqina okuphezulu kanye nokuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi ingasetshenziswa kanye nezinye i-admixtures (ezifana ne-retarders kanye nama-air-entraining agents) ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zekhonkolo.
Imininingwane
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-Sodium Naphthalene Sulphonate Formaldehyde (SNF/PNS/FDN/NSF) | |||||||||
| Amanye Amagama | I-Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate | |||||||||
| I-Naphthalene e-Sulphonated Formaldehyde | ||||||||||
| I-Superplasticizer Esekelwe ku-Naphthalene | ||||||||||
| Okuqukethwe kwe-Sodium Sulphate | 5% 10% 18% | |||||||||
| Ukubukeka | Impuphu Ensundu Ekhanyayo | |||||||||
| Ukupakisha | Isikhwama esingu-25KG | |||||||||
| INOMBOLO YE-CAS | 36290-04-7 | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 38244010 | |||||||||
| Ubuningi | 14-15MTS ye-20'FCL | |||||||||
| Isicelo | Ukuhlanganiswa kwekhonkrithi, kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwamanzi | |||||||||
Ishidi Lokulawula Ikhwalithi
| IZINTO | I-SNF-A | I-SNF-B | I-SNF-C | ||||
| Okuqukethwe Okuqinile ≥ | 92% | 92% | 92% | ||||
| Inani le-PH | 7-9 | 7-9 | 7-9 | ||||
| Okuqukethwe kwe-Chlorides ≤ | 0.30% | 0.40% | 0.50% | ||||
| Okuqukethwe kwe-Sodium Sulfate ≤ | 5% | 10% | 18% | ||||
| I-Net Starch Fluidity (mm) ≥ | 250 | 240 | 230 | ||||
| Izinga Lokunciphisa Amanzi Eliphezulu (%) | 26 | 25 | 23 |
Ngokufigqiwe
Izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi ziyizithasiselo ezibalulekile kubuchwepheshe besimanje bekhonkrithi. Azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi kodwa futhi zisekela ukwakhiwa okuluhlaza kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, amathuba okusetshenziswa kwezingxube ezinciphisa amanzi azoba maningi nakakhulu.