I-Potassium Hydroxide: Ikhemikhali Enamandla Ye-Alkaline Nemisebenzi Eminingi
Izinkambu Ezinkulu Zokufaka Isicelo
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-potassium hydroxide kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwayo njenge-catalyst enamandla ye-alkaline, i-saponification agent, i-pH regulator, i-corrosion inhibitor, kanye ne-electrolyte. Ekuhlanganisweni kwamakhemikhali, i-potassium hydroxide iyi-catalyst enamandla ye-alkaline esetshenziswa kakhulu engakhuthaza ukusabela okuhlukahlukene kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinga-organic, njengokwenziwa kwe-saponification kwama-ester, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwama-alcohols, kanye ne-alkaline catalysis ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Ihlinzeka ngendawo ene-alkaline kakhulu ukuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili yokusabela ephumelelayo. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwensipho, i-potassium hydroxide iyi-ejenti ebalulekile ye-saponification eguqula amafutha abe insipho ne-glycerin, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuzinza.
Embonini yezemithi, i-potassium hydroxide isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa ezithile. Ingalawula i-pH yezixazululo zezidakamizwa ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwazo kanye nokutholakala kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-potassium hydroxide isetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni izidakamizwa ze-alkaline, njengemithi ethile yokulwa namagciwane kanye nama-amino acid e-alkaline. Embonini ye-elekthronikhi, i-potassium hydroxide iyi-electrolyte ebalulekile esetshenziswa kabanzi kumabhethri e-alkaline kanye namaseli kaphethiloli. Ihlinzeka ngendawo eqinile ye-alkaline ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhethri namaseli kaphethiloli. Isibonelo, kumabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride, i-potassium hydroxide isebenza njenge-electrolyte, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhishwa kwebhethri kanye nokuphila komjikelezo.
Embonini yokudla, i-potassium hydroxide iyisengezo sokudla esiphephile esisetshenziselwa ukulawula ubumuncu noma i-alkalinity yemikhiqizo yokudla, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuqina kwayo. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwamaswidi athile noshokoledi, i-potassium hydroxide isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-pH yemikhiqizo, ithuthukise ukunambitheka kwayo kanye nokuthungwa kwayo. Ekuphathweni kwamanzi, i-potassium hydroxide isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-pH yamanzi nokususa ukungcola okune-acid. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuqeda amanzi angcolile ane-acid ukuze ihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwemvelo. Isibonelo, ekuphathweni kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini, i-potassium hydroxide isetshenziselwa ukuqeda amanzi angcolile ane-acid, ivimbele ukungcola kwemvelo.
I-potassium hydroxide iyikhemikhali enamandla ye-alkaline enezakhiwo ezilimazayo ezibalulekile. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kwayo, kufanele igcinwe ivaliwe ukuze igweme ukuthintana nesikhumba namehlo. Imishini yokuzivikela efanele, njengamagilavu, izibuko zokuzivikela, kanye nezingubo zokuzivikela, kufanele igqokwe ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha.
Imininingwane
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-Potassium Hydroxide | |||||||||
| Ifomula Yamakhemikhali | I-KOH | |||||||||
| Isisindo sama-molecule | 56.11 | |||||||||
| Ukubukeka | Impuphu emhlophe noma eqinile eqhekekile | |||||||||
| Indawo Yokuncibilika | 380°C | |||||||||
| Indawo Yokubilisa | 1324°C | |||||||||
| Ubuningi | 2.044 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| INOMBOLO YE-CAS | 1310 - 58 - 3 | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 28152000 | |||||||||
| I-EINECS CHA | 215 - 181 - 3 | |||||||||
| Isicelo | Amakhemikhali, amabhethri, izihlanzi, njll. | |||||||||
Ishidi Lokulawula Ikhwalithi
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-Potassium Hydroxide | ||||||
| ITEM | INANI ELIJWAYELEKILE(%) | INANI LOKUHLOLA (%) | |||||
| I-KOH | ≥90.0 | 90.38 | |||||
| I-K2CO3 | ≤0.5 | 0.3 | |||||
| I-CLORIDE(CL) | ≤0.005 | 0.0048 | |||||
| I-Sulfate (SO )4 | ≤0.002 | 0.00% | |||||
| I-Nitrate kanye ne-Nitrite(N) | ≤0.0005 | 0.0001 | |||||
| UFe | ≤0.0002 | 0.00015 | |||||
| Lokho | ≤0.5 | 0.48 | |||||
| PO4 | ≤0.002 | 0.0009 | |||||
| I-SIO3 | ≤0.01 | 0.0001 | |||||
| AL | ≤0.001 | 0.0007 | |||||
| LOKHO | ≤0.002 | 0.001 | |||||
| Ku- | ≤0.0005 | 0.0005 | |||||
| Insimbi Enzima (PB) | ≤0.001 | Cha | |||||
| Ukubukeka | Ama-White Flakes | ||||||
| IZINGA LOKUHLOLA | Ibanga Eliphakeme | ||||||
Ngokufigqiwe
Ngamafuphi, i-potassium hydroxide, njengekhemikhali enamandla ye-alkaline neyimisebenzi eminingi, idlala indima ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali, kwezemithi, kweze-elekthronikhi, ekudleni, nasekuphathweni kwamanzi. Ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo kodwa futhi isekela intuthuko yemboni yesimanje. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo samakhemikhali asebenzayo, amathuba okusetshenziswa kwe-potassium hydroxide azoba maningi nakakhulu.