I-Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC): I-Keystone Enobuthi Obuphansi, Esebenza Kakhulu Ye-Chemistry Eqhubekayo
Izakhiwo ze-Physicochemical kanye nokuqonda kwama-molecule
Izinzuzo Zesakhiwo
Ubuthi Obuphansi: Nge-LD₅₀ (ngomlomo, igundane) engu-6400 mg/kg, i-DMC iphephe kakhulu kunezidakamizwa ze-methylation zendabuko (isb., i-dimethyl sulfate, i-LD₅₀ = 140 mg/kg), ehambisana nomthetho we-EU REACH ezingcoliseni eziphilayo ezingapheli.
Ukusabela kabusha:
I-Methylation: Iqembu le-methoxy (−OCH3) livumela ukudluliselwa kweqembu le-methyl okuphephile, lithathe indawo yezinye izindlela ezinobuthi.
I-Carbonyl: Iqembu le-carbonyl (−CO−) lenza kube lula ukushintshaniswa kwe-ester kanye ne-aminolysis, lisekela ukwenziwa kwama-polycarbonate angena-phosgene.
I-Solvency: Njengoba ine-dielectric constant engu-3.1, i-DMC ixubana kahle nama-alcohols, ama-ketone, nama-esters, kuyilapho incibilika kancane emanzini (1.6 g/100 mL ku-20°C).
Idatha Ebonakalayo Eyinhloko
Iphuzu lokubilisa le-DMC elingu-90.5°C lenza lifaneleke ukusabela kokushisa okuphakathi kanye nokubuyiselwa kwe-solvent, okudinga amandla angaphansi ngo-30% kunezinqubo ezisekelwe ku-benzene. I-viscosity yayo ephansi (0.664 mPa・s) ithuthukisa ukugeleza kokusebenza njenge-lithium battery electrolytes, kuyilapho i-vaporization enthalpy engu-363 kJ/kg iqinisekisa amazinga okomisa aphakathi kwezingubo kanye nezinamathiselo. Qaphela: Ububanzi bayo bokuqhuma (3.1–20.5% vol) budinga izinhlelo zokungenisa umoya ezivikela ukuqhuma.
Izicelo Ezihlukahlukene Zezimboni
Ukuqamba Okusha Kwezinto Eziluhlaza
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Polycarbonate (PC):
Inqubo Engenayo i-Phosgene: I-DMC isabela ne-bisphenol A (BPA) nge-transesterification ukuze ikhiqize i-diphenyl carbonate (DPC), bese i-polymerishelwa ku-PC. Le ndlela ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-athomu ku-92% (uma kuqhathaniswa no-65% wemizila yendabuko ye-phosgene) futhi iqeda imikhiqizo enobuthi.
Ukusebenza Komkhiqizo: Ama-resin e-PC aphumayo anikeza ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okungu-≥90%, izinga lokushisa lokushintshashintsha kokushisa elingu-135°C, kanye namandla omthelela aphezulu ngo-10% kune-PC etholakala ku-phosgene, esetshenziswa ezimbozweni ze-elekthronikhi kanye nezembozo zezibani zezimoto.
Imithi kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo:
Ukusabela kwe-Methylation: Kuthatha indawo ye-dimethyl sulfate ekwakhiweni kwemithi yenhliziyo (isb., i-nifedipine) kanye nemithi yokucindezeleka (isb., i-sertraline), kuthuthukisa isivuno ngo-15-20% nge-methanol njengomkhiqizo owodwa olandelanayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Carbonylation: Kusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwe-carbaryl (i-pesticide) ukugwema ukugqwala kwe-HCl, kunciphisa izindleko ngo-25%.
Amandla Amasha Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo
Ama-electrolyte ebhethri le-lithium:
Ihlanganiswe ne-ethylene carbonate (EC) kanye ne-ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), i-DMC idala ama-electrolyte alinganiselayo anokuqhutshwa kwe-ionic okufika ku-1.2 mS/cm. Lokhu kwandisa impilo yomjikelezo webhethri izikhathi eziyi-1,200 (ukugcinwa komthamo ≥85%), okuhlangabezana noMthetho Webhethri we-EU (2023/0051) wobuthi obuphansi. Sekuvele kwamukelwe ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri likaTesla elingu-4680.
Izinto Ezibolayo:
Zihlanganiswe ne-propylene oxide ukuze zakhe i-polypropylene carbonate (PPC), izinto ezisekelwe ku-DMC zimunca i-CO₂ engu-40% bese ziwohloka zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-6-12, zibhekana nemfucuza yepulasitiki ezitsheni zokudla ezisetshenziswa kanye kanye namafilimu ezolimo.
Izimbozo kanye Nezinamathiseli
Izinyibilikisi Ezinobungani Nemvelo: Zithatha indawo ye-toluene/xylene kupende lwe-OEM yezimoto, zifinyelela okuqukethwe yi-VOC ≤50 g/L (ngaphansi kakhulu kwezindinganiso ze-GB 24409-2020). Isikhathi sokomisa sincishiswa sibe amahora ama-2, kanti ukuqina kwefilimu kufinyelela kumahora ama-2.
Izinamathiseli Ezingena-Formaldehyde: Ezisetshenziswa ekubopheleni kwephaneli yefenisha, izinamathiseli ze-polyurethane ezisekelwe ku-DMC zine-formaldehyde yamahhala ≤0.01 mg/m³ (ibanga le-E0), okusiza i-IKEA ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-formaldehyde ngamathani angaphezu kuka-500 ngonyaka.
Izinzuzo Zemvelo Nezinselele Zobuchwepheshe
Okuvelele Kokuzinza
Umnotho We-Atomic: Imikhiqizo efana ne-methanol ingaphinde isetshenziswe nge-distillation, okunciphisa umthwalo we-COD emanzini angcolile ngo-70% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqubo zendabuko.
Ukubanjwa Kwekhabhoni: Ukwenziwa kwe-non-phosgene PC kunciphisa umthelela wekhabhoni ngo-45%, kuyilapho ithani ngalinye le-DMC elikhiqizwayo lidla amathani angu-0.6 e-CO₂ avela kugesi we-flue wesitshalo samandla, okusekela i-CCU (ukubanjwa nokusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni).
Imingcele Yokusungula Izinto Ezintsha
Ukunciphisa Izindleko: Indlela yokwenziwa kwe-CO₂ ngqo (esebenzisa ama-catalyst asekelwe ku-methanol, i-CO₂, kanye ne-Pd) inciphisa izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa ngo-30%, kanti isitshalo sokuhlola sikaSinopec sifinyelela ekukhiqizweni kwesilinganiso samakhilotoni.
Izixazululo Zokuhlanzeka Okukhulu: Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukaniswa kwe-membrane-adsorption bufinyelela i-DMC yezinga le-elekthronikhi ngama-ion ensimbi angu-≤1 ppb kanye nobumsulwa obungu-≥99.999%, buhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-SEMI C87 zokuhlanza kwe-semiconductor.
I-Safe Logistics: I-Microencapsulated DMC (embozwe ngama-nanoshells e-SiO₂) iphakamisa iphuzu lokukhanya liye ku-60°C, eliqinisekiswe yi-TÜV Rheinland ngokuphepha kwezokuthutha.
Imininingwane
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-Propionic Acid | |||||||||
| Ifomula Yamakhemikhali | C3H6O2 | |||||||||
| Isisindo sama-molecule | 74.08 g/mol | |||||||||
| Ukubukeka | uketshezi olungabonakali olungenambala | |||||||||
| Indawo Yokuncibilika | -20.8℃ | |||||||||
| Indawo Yokubilisa | 141.1℃ | |||||||||
| Ubuningi | 0.993 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| INOMBOLO YE-CAS | 79 - 09 - 4 | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 29155000 | |||||||||
| I-EINECS CHA | 201 - 176 - 3 | |||||||||
| Isicelo | Kusetshenziswa kumapulasitiki, emithi, ekudleni, ezincibilikisini kanye namakha | |||||||||
Ishidi Lokulawula Ikhwalithi
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-Propionic Acid | ||||||
| ITEM | INANI ELIJWAYELEKILE(%) | INANI LOKUHLOLA (%) | |||||
| Okuqukethwe kwe-Propionic Acid, w/%≥ | 99.5 | 99.9 | |||||
| Ubuningi （20/20 ℃） | 0.993-0.997 | 0.996 | |||||
| Ibanga Lokubilisa/℃ | 138.5-142.5 | 139.4-141.1 | |||||
| Izinsalela zokuhwamuka, w/% ≤ | 0.01 | 0.006 | |||||
| Amanzi, w/%≤ | 0.15 | 0.02 | |||||
| I-Aldehyde, w/%≤ | ≤0.05 | 0.04 | |||||
| i-oxidization elula, w/% ≤ | ≤0.05 | 0.01 | |||||
| I-Pb mg/kg≤ | 2.0 | ≤2.0 | |||||
| Njengoba mg/kg≤ | 3.0 | ≤3.0 | |||||
| Isiphetho | Landela izindinganiso ze-GB 1886.210-2016 | ||||||
Kungani Kufanele Ukhethe i-DMC Yethu?
Amandla Amane Ayinhloko
Isiqinisekiso Sobumsulwa:
Inqubo yethu eqhubekayo yokuguqulwa kwe-transesterification nge-triple distillation inikeza i-DMC yezinga lezimboni (≥99.5%) kanye ne-electronic-grade (≥99.99%), ene-methanol ≤100 ppm. Ikesi: Ikhasimende lebhethri elisebenzisa i-DMC yethu lithole ukusebenza kahle kwe-first charge-discharge okungu-98.7% (isilinganiso semboni esingu-95%).
Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso:
Izixazululo ezenzelwe wena zenani le-asidi (≤0.001 mgKOH/g), umswakama (≤50 ppm), kanye nama-peroxide (≤5 ppm). Isibonelo, sithuthukise i-DMC ye-asidi ephansi kakhulu (0.0005 mgKOH/g) yokwenziwa kwemithi ezwela i-asidi.
Imodeli Yomnotho Ojikelezayo:
Imikhiqizo ye-Methanol engaphansi kwe-Methanol iphinda isetshenziswe ibe yi-syngas (CO+H₂) ukuze kukhiqizwe i-DMC, kufezwe ukusebenza kahle kwezinto ngo-95% futhi kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂ ngamathani ama-3 ngethani le-DMC. Ukufakwa kwemfucuza kuhlanzwa nge-CO₂ ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha ngo-95%.
Ukuthobela Umthetho Komhlaba Wonke:
Ihambisana ne-GB/T 1628-2020, i-ASTM D7056, kanye ne-JIS K 1551. Amalebula e-GHS enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye ne-MSDS kuhlangabezana nezidingo zesifunda (isb., i-India BIS, i-Brazil INMETRO), okuvumela ukuvunyelwa kwentela kwamahora angu-72.
Ukuphayona I-Chemistry Esimeme
I-Dimethyl Carbonate ishintsha izimboni ngokusebenzisa izimfanelo zayo "ezingenabo ubuthi, ezisebenzayo, nezingasetshenziswa kabusha". Sizibophezele ezinqubweni ezintsha kanye nezixazululo ezisebenzisa ikhabhoni ephansi, sinikeza ukwesekwa kusukela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kuya kuzinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukukhetha i-DMC yethu kusho ukubambisana nokusimama—lapho ithonsi ngalinye liqhuba khona ukunciphisa ukungcola, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ndawonye sakha ikusasa lamakhemikhali aluhlaza.