Ishidi Lokucaciswa Komkhiqizo we-Bisphenol A/BPA Bisphenol A (BPA)
Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo
Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo
Igama Lomkhiqizo: I-Bisphenol A (Isifinyezo: BPA)
Ifomula Yamakhemikhali: C₁₅H₁₆O₂
Inombolo ye-CAS: 80-05-7
Inombolo ye-EINECS: 201-245-8
Isigaba Somkhiqizo: Amakhemikhali e-Oleo; Amakhemikhali Okwenziwa E-Organic
Ukubukeka: Amakristalu amhlophe afana nenaliti noma i-powder emhlophe ecolekile (ibanga lezimboni lingabonakala njengezinto eziqinile ezinama-granular)
Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali
| Impahla | Imininingwane |
|---|---|
| Isisindo sama-molecule | 228.29 g/mol |
| Indawo Yokuncibilika | 158–159 °C (316–318 °F) |
| Indawo Yokubilisa | 220 °C (428 °F) ku-4 mmHg (isimo se-vacuum) |
| Ubuningi | 1.195 g/cm³ (25 °C) |
| Ukuncibilika | Ayincibiliki emanzini; incibilika ezintweni eziphilayo (isb., i-ethanol, i-acetone, i-benzene, i-toluene, kanye ne-ethyl acetate) |
| Iphoyinti Elikhanyayo | 227 °C (inkomishi evaliwe) |
| Ukuzinza | Izinzile ngaphansi kokushisa okuvamile kanye nengcindezi; iyazwela ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV) (ingawohloka noma ishintshe umbala uma itholakala ku-UV isikhathi eside); gwema ukuthintana nama-oxidizer anamandla, ama-asidi, nama-alkali |
Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Eziyinhloko
I-Bisphenol A iyindawo ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-polymer asebenza kahle kanye nezinto zokwakha zezimboni, kanye nezinkambu ezilandelayo ezibalulekile zokusetshenziswa:
Ukukhiqizwa Kwepulasitiki ye-Polycarbonate (PC)
Njengezinto eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki ye-PC, i-BPA ivumela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo engaqhekeki, engashisi njengezindlu zamadivayisi kagesi (ama-laptop, ama-smartphone), izingxenye zezimoto (izembozo zezibani, amaphaneli angaphakathi), kanye nezitsha zokuxhumana nokudla (ezilawulwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni eziningi).
Ukwenziwa kwe-Epoxy Resin
Kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-resin e-epoxy okwemboza (isb., i-linings yangaphakathi yethini, izembozo zezimboni ezilwa nokugqwala), izinamathiselo (izinamathiselo zesakhiwo ezinamandla aphezulu zezindiza kanye nokwakhiwa), kanye nezinto zokuvikela ugesi (amabhodi wesekethe, ama-transformer windings).
Ezinye Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Izimboni
Izinto ezingavuthiwe ze-polyether polyols (ezisetshenziswa kuma-polyurethane foam).
Okungeziwe kuma-plasticizer, ama-flame retardants, kanye nama-UV stabilizers ezintweni ze-polymer.
Iphakathi ekuhlanganisweni kwamakhemikhali akhethekile (isb., ama-antioxidants, ama-dyestuff).
Izindinganiso Zekhwalithi
Imikhiqizo yethu ye-Bisphenol A ihambisana nezindinganiso zezimboni nezokuphepha zomhlaba wonke, kanye nezinkomba zokulawula ubumsulwa nokungcola ezijwayelekile kanje:
| Inkomba | Izinga Lezimboni (Okuvamile) | Ibanga le-Reagent (Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu) |
|---|---|---|
| Ubumsulwa (HPLC) | ≥ 99.5% | ≥ 99.8% |
| Okuqukethwe komswakama | ≤ 0.1% | ≤ 0.05% |
| Okuqukethwe Komlotha | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% |
| Ukungcola Kwensimbi Enzima (Pb, Cd, Hg) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Insalela yePhenol | ≤ 0.2% | ≤ 0.05% |
Imininingwane eyenziwe ngokwezifiso iyatholakala ngezidingo ezithile zezimboni (isb., amazinga aphansi okungcola kokukhiqizwa kwezinto zokuthintana nokudla).
Iziqondiso Zokugcina Nokuphatha
Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza komkhiqizo kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza, landela lezi zidingo zokugcina nokuphatha:
Izimo Zokugcina
Izinga Lokushisa: Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile ku-15–25 °C; gwema ukushisa okukhulu (>30 °C) noma ukubanda (
Ukukhanya: Sebenzisa izitsha ezingacaci kahle (isib. amabhodlela engilazi ansundu, imigqomo yepulasitiki ye-HDPE enesivikelo se-UV) ukuvimbela ukubola okubangelwa yi-UV.
Umswakama: Gcina umswakama ongaphansi kuka-60%; engeza ama-desiccant (ijeli ye-silica, i-calcium chloride engamanzi) ezitsheni ukuze ugweme ukunamathela.
Izidingo Zokuvala
Gcina izitsha zivaliwe kahle ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye ukuvimbela ukumuncwa komswakama kanye nokungcola. Gwema ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvala zesikhashana (isb., ukugoqa ngepulasitiki) ezingase zibangele ukungcoliswa okuphambene.
Izinyathelo Zokuphepha
Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE): Imaski yothuli, amagilavu amelana namakhemikhali, kanye nezibuko zokuphepha lapho uphatha (ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni zempuphu/zezinhlayiya).
Umoya: Qinisekisa ukuthi umoya uhamba kahle ezindaweni zokugcina nokuphatha ukuze ugweme ukunqwabelana kothuli noma umusi.
Ukuphathwa Kokuchitheka: Hlanza okuchithekile ngezimunca-manzi ezingasebenzi (i-diatomaceous earth, i-activated carbon); lahla imfucuza ngokuhambisana nemithetho yamakhemikhali ayingozi endawo.
Ukuthobela Imithetho
Imikhawulo Yomhlaba Wonke: Ihambisana nemikhawulo ye-EU REACH Regulation (Annex XVII) ku-BPA ezintweni zokuxhumana nokudla (isb., ezivinjelwe emabhodleleni okuphakela izinsana).
I-US FDA: Ihlangabezana neziqondiso ze-FDA zokusetshenziswa kwe-BPA ezimbozweni zokuthintana kokudla kanye nepulasitiki (21 CFR 175.300).
Izindinganiso zaseShayina: Zihambisana ne-GB 4806.6 (izindinganiso zokuphepha zama-resin epulasitiki athinta ukudla).
Ukupakisha kanye Nempilo Yeshelufu
Izinketho Zokupakisha:
Izinga Lezimboni: Izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-HDPE ezingama-25 kg (ezinama-polyethylene liner angaphakathi) noma ama-drum e-fiber angama-500 kg (afakwe i-aluminium foil).
Ibanga le-Reagent: Amabhodlela engilazi aphuzi angu-1 kg (avalwe ngezivalo ezimbozwe nge-Teflon).
Isikhathi Sokuphila Seshelufu: Izinyanga ezingama-24 kusukela osukwini lokukhiqiza (uma igcinwe ngokuhambisana nemibandela engenhla, ingavulwanga).
Ifomu Lokuhlola Ikhwalithi le-Bisphenol A
| Umhlaziyi | Iyunithi | Imininingwane | Umphumela | Indlela Yokuhlola |
| Ukubukeka | / | Okumhlophe okusanhlamvu noma okuqhekekile, Ngaphandle kokungcola okwenziwe ngomshini | I-granular emhlophe, Ngaphandle kokungcola okwenziwe ngomshini | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| I-Bisphenol A | Ngaphakathi/% | ≥99.85 | 99.925 | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| I-Phenol | Ngaphakathi/% | ≤0.005 | 0.001 | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| 2,4-Isomer | Ngaphakathi/% | ≤0.050 | 0.01 | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Iphuzu le-Crystalline | °C | ≥156.6 | 157.2 | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| I-Chroma Encibilikisiwe | Umbala, i-Pt-Co (Iyunithi ye-Hazen) | ≤20 | 10 | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Isixazululo se-Chroma | Umbala, i-Pt-Co (Iyunithi ye-Hazen) | / | 5 | I-GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Umswakama | Ngaphakathi/% | ≤0.08 | 0.02 | I-GB/T 6283-2008 |